The current decline of tropical marsupials in Australia: is history repeating?
Identifieur interne : 000133 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000132; suivant : 000134The current decline of tropical marsupials in Australia: is history repeating?
Auteurs : Diana O. Fisher [Australie] ; Chris N. Johnson [Australie] ; Michael J. Lawes [Australie] ; Susanne A. Fritz [Allemagne] ; Hamish Mccallum [Australie] ; Simon P. Blomberg [Australie] ; Jeremy Vanderwal [Australie] ; Brett Abbott [Australie] ; Anke Frank [Australie] ; Sarah Legge [Australie] ; Mike Letnic [Australie] ; Colette R. Thomas [Australie] ; Alaric Fisher [Australie] ; Iain J. Gordon [Royaume-Uni] ; Alex Kutt [Australie]Source :
- Global ecology and biogeography : (Print) [ 1466-822X ] ; 2014.
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Abstract
Aim A third of all modern (after 1500) mammal extinctions (24/77) are Australian species. These extinctions have been restricted to southern Australia, predominantly in species of 'critical weight range' (35-5500 g) in drier climate zones. Introduced red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) that prey on species in this range are often blamed. A new wave of declines is now affecting a globally significant proportion of marsupial species (19 species) in the fox-free northern tropics. We aim to test plausible causes of recent declines in range and determine if mechanisms differ between current tropical declines and past declines, which were in southern (non-tropical) regions. Location Australian continent Methods We used multiple regression and random forest models to analyse traits that were associated with declines in species range, and compare variables associated with past extinctions in the southern zones with current tropical (northern) declines. Results The same two key variables, body mass and habitat structure, were associated with proportion-of-decline in range throughout the continent, but the form of relationships differs with latitude. In the south, medium-sized species in open habitats of lower rainfall were most likely to decline. In the tropics, small species that occupy open vegetation with moderate rainfall (savanna) are now experiencing the most severe declines. Throughout the continent, large-bodied species and those in structurally complex habitats (rainforest) are secure. Main conclusions Our results indicate that there is no mid-sized 'critical weight range' in the north. Because foxes are absent from the tropics, we suggest that northern Australian marsupial declines are associated with predation by feral cats (Felis catus) exacerbated by reduced ground level vegetation in non-rainforest habitats. To test this, we recommend experiments to remove cats from some locations where tropical mammals are threatened. Our results show that comparative analysis can help to diagnose potential causes of multi-species decline.
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The current decline of tropical marsupials in Australia: is history repeating?</title><author><name sortKey="Fisher, Diana O" sort="Fisher, Diana O" uniqKey="Fisher D" first="Diana O." last="Fisher">Diana O. Fisher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland</s1><s2>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Chris N" sort="Johnson, Chris N" uniqKey="Johnson C" first="Chris N." last="Johnson">Chris N. Johnson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5</s1><s2>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lawes, Michael J" sort="Lawes, Michael J" uniqKey="Lawes M" first="Michael J." last="Lawes">Michael J. Lawes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University</s1><s2>Darwin, NT 0909</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Darwin, NT 0909</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fritz, Susanne A" sort="Fritz, Susanne A" uniqKey="Fritz S" first="Susanne A." last="Fritz">Susanne A. Fritz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F) & Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25</s1><s2>60325 Frankfurt</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region><settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccallum, Hamish" sort="Mccallum, Hamish" uniqKey="Mccallum H" first="Hamish" last="Mccallum">Hamish Mccallum</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Rd</s1><s2>Nathan, Qld 4111</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Nathan, Qld 4111</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blomberg, Simon P" sort="Blomberg, Simon P" uniqKey="Blomberg S" first="Simon P." last="Blomberg">Simon P. Blomberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland</s1><s2>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vanderwal, Jeremy" sort="Vanderwal, Jeremy" uniqKey="Vanderwal J" first="Jeremy" last="Vanderwal">Jeremy Vanderwal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Centre for Climate Change and Tropical Biology, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University</s1><s2>Townsville, Qld 4811</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Townsville, Qld 4811</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abbott, Brett" sort="Abbott, Brett" uniqKey="Abbott B" first="Brett" last="Abbott">Brett Abbott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Ecosystem Sciences, CSIRO, PMB PO</s1><s2>Aitkenvale, Qld 4814</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Aitkenvale, Qld 4814</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frank, Anke" sort="Frank, Anke" uniqKey="Frank A" first="Anke" last="Frank">Anke Frank</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5</s1><s2>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 496</s1><s2>Palmerston, NT 0831</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Palmerston, NT 0831</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legge, Sarah" sort="Legge, Sarah" uniqKey="Legge S" first="Sarah" last="Legge">Sarah Legge</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Australian Wildlife Conservancy, PO Box 8070</s1><s2>Subiaco East, WA 6008</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Subiaco East, WA 6008</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>National Environmental Research Program Northern Australia Hub, Charles Darwin University</s1><s2>Casuarina, NT 0909</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Casuarina, NT 0909</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Letnic, Mike" sort="Letnic, Mike" uniqKey="Letnic M" first="Mike" last="Letnic">Mike Letnic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales</s1><s2>Randwick, NSW 2052</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Randwick, NSW 2052</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Colette R" sort="Thomas, Colette R" uniqKey="Thomas C" first="Colette R." last="Thomas">Colette R. Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>TropWATER, James Cook University</s1><s2>Townsville, Qld 4811</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Townsville, Qld 4811</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fisher, Alaric" sort="Fisher, Alaric" uniqKey="Fisher A" first="Alaric" last="Fisher">Alaric Fisher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 496</s1><s2>Palmerston, NT 0831</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Palmerston, NT 0831</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>National Environmental Research Program Northern Australia Hub, Charles Darwin University</s1><s2>Casuarina, NT 0909</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Casuarina, NT 0909</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Iain J" sort="Gordon, Iain J" uniqKey="Gordon I" first="Iain J." last="Gordon">Iain J. Gordon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA</s1><s2>Scotland</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Scotland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kutt, Alex" sort="Kutt, Alex" uniqKey="Kutt A" first="Alex" last="Kutt">Alex Kutt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University</s1><s2>Townsville, Qld 4811</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Townsville, Qld 4811</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">14-0041557</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 14-0041557 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:14-0041557</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000003</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000085</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000000</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000000</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1466-822X:2014:Fisher D:the:current:decline</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000133</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000133</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000133</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The current decline of tropical marsupials in Australia: is history repeating?</title><author><name sortKey="Fisher, Diana O" sort="Fisher, Diana O" uniqKey="Fisher D" first="Diana O." last="Fisher">Diana O. Fisher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland</s1><s2>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Chris N" sort="Johnson, Chris N" uniqKey="Johnson C" first="Chris N." last="Johnson">Chris N. Johnson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5</s1><s2>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lawes, Michael J" sort="Lawes, Michael J" uniqKey="Lawes M" first="Michael J." last="Lawes">Michael J. Lawes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University</s1><s2>Darwin, NT 0909</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Darwin, NT 0909</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fritz, Susanne A" sort="Fritz, Susanne A" uniqKey="Fritz S" first="Susanne A." last="Fritz">Susanne A. Fritz</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F) & Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25</s1><s2>60325 Frankfurt</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Hesse (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Darmstadt</region><settlement type="city">Francfort-sur-le-Main</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccallum, Hamish" sort="Mccallum, Hamish" uniqKey="Mccallum H" first="Hamish" last="Mccallum">Hamish Mccallum</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Rd</s1><s2>Nathan, Qld 4111</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Nathan, Qld 4111</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blomberg, Simon P" sort="Blomberg, Simon P" uniqKey="Blomberg S" first="Simon P." last="Blomberg">Simon P. Blomberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland</s1><s2>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>St Lucia 4072, Queensland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vanderwal, Jeremy" sort="Vanderwal, Jeremy" uniqKey="Vanderwal J" first="Jeremy" last="Vanderwal">Jeremy Vanderwal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Centre for Climate Change and Tropical Biology, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University</s1><s2>Townsville, Qld 4811</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Townsville, Qld 4811</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abbott, Brett" sort="Abbott, Brett" uniqKey="Abbott B" first="Brett" last="Abbott">Brett Abbott</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Ecosystem Sciences, CSIRO, PMB PO</s1><s2>Aitkenvale, Qld 4814</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Aitkenvale, Qld 4814</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frank, Anke" sort="Frank, Anke" uniqKey="Frank A" first="Anke" last="Frank">Anke Frank</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5</s1><s2>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Hobat, Tasmania 7001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 496</s1><s2>Palmerston, NT 0831</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Palmerston, NT 0831</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Legge, Sarah" sort="Legge, Sarah" uniqKey="Legge S" first="Sarah" last="Legge">Sarah Legge</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Australian Wildlife Conservancy, PO Box 8070</s1><s2>Subiaco East, WA 6008</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Subiaco East, WA 6008</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>National Environmental Research Program Northern Australia Hub, Charles Darwin University</s1><s2>Casuarina, NT 0909</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Casuarina, NT 0909</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Letnic, Mike" sort="Letnic, Mike" uniqKey="Letnic M" first="Mike" last="Letnic">Mike Letnic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales</s1><s2>Randwick, NSW 2052</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Randwick, NSW 2052</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Colette R" sort="Thomas, Colette R" uniqKey="Thomas C" first="Colette R." last="Thomas">Colette R. Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>TropWATER, James Cook University</s1><s2>Townsville, Qld 4811</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Townsville, Qld 4811</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fisher, Alaric" sort="Fisher, Alaric" uniqKey="Fisher A" first="Alaric" last="Fisher">Alaric Fisher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Northern Territory Department of Land Resource Management, PO Box 496</s1><s2>Palmerston, NT 0831</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Palmerston, NT 0831</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>National Environmental Research Program Northern Australia Hub, Charles Darwin University</s1><s2>Casuarina, NT 0909</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Casuarina, NT 0909</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gordon, Iain J" sort="Gordon, Iain J" uniqKey="Gordon I" first="Iain J." last="Gordon">Iain J. Gordon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA</s1><s2>Scotland</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Scotland</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kutt, Alex" sort="Kutt, Alex" uniqKey="Kutt A" first="Alex" last="Kutt">Alex Kutt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University</s1><s2>Townsville, Qld 4811</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Townsville, Qld 4811</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Global ecology and biogeography : (Print)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Glob. ecol. biogeogr. : (Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">1466-822X</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Global ecology and biogeography : (Print)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Glob. ecol. biogeogr. : (Print)</title><idno type="ISSN">1466-822X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Australia</term><term>Biogeography</term><term>Conservation</term><term>Ecology</term><term>Extinction</term><term>Forests</term><term>Introduced species</term><term>Marsupialia</term><term>Method</term><term>Models</term><term>Predator</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Méthode</term><term>Espèce introduite</term><term>Prédateur</term><term>Extinction</term><term>Forêt</term><term>Modèle</term><term>Conservation</term><term>Biogéographie</term><term>Ecologie</term><term>Australie</term><term>Marsupialia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Australie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Forêt</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Aim A third of all modern (after 1500) mammal extinctions (24/77) are Australian species. These extinctions have been restricted to southern Australia, predominantly in species of 'critical weight range' (35-5500 g) in drier climate zones. Introduced red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) that prey on species in this range are often blamed. A new wave of declines is now affecting a globally significant proportion of marsupial species (19 species) in the fox-free northern tropics. We aim to test plausible causes of recent declines in range and determine if mechanisms differ between current tropical declines and past declines, which were in southern (non-tropical) regions. Location Australian continent Methods We used multiple regression and random forest models to analyse traits that were associated with declines in species range, and compare variables associated with past extinctions in the southern zones with current tropical (northern) declines. Results The same two key variables, body mass and habitat structure, were associated with proportion-of-decline in range throughout the continent, but the form of relationships differs with latitude. In the south, medium-sized species in open habitats of lower rainfall were most likely to decline. In the tropics, small species that occupy open vegetation with moderate rainfall (savanna) are now experiencing the most severe declines. Throughout the continent, large-bodied species and those in structurally complex habitats (rainforest) are secure. Main conclusions Our results indicate that there is no mid-sized 'critical weight range' in the north. Because foxes are absent from the tropics, we suggest that northern Australian marsupial declines are associated with predation by feral cats (Felis catus) exacerbated by reduced ground level vegetation in non-rainforest habitats. To test this, we recommend experiments to remove cats from some locations where tropical mammals are threatened. Our results show that comparative analysis can help to diagnose potential causes of multi-species decline.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>District de Darmstadt</li><li>Hesse (Land)</li></region><settlement><li>Francfort-sur-le-Main</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Fisher, Diana O" sort="Fisher, Diana O" uniqKey="Fisher D" first="Diana O." last="Fisher">Diana O. Fisher</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Abbott, Brett" sort="Abbott, Brett" uniqKey="Abbott B" first="Brett" last="Abbott">Brett Abbott</name><name sortKey="Blomberg, Simon P" sort="Blomberg, Simon P" uniqKey="Blomberg S" first="Simon P." last="Blomberg">Simon P. Blomberg</name><name sortKey="Fisher, Alaric" sort="Fisher, Alaric" uniqKey="Fisher A" first="Alaric" last="Fisher">Alaric Fisher</name><name sortKey="Fisher, Alaric" sort="Fisher, Alaric" uniqKey="Fisher A" first="Alaric" last="Fisher">Alaric Fisher</name><name sortKey="Frank, Anke" sort="Frank, Anke" uniqKey="Frank A" first="Anke" last="Frank">Anke Frank</name><name sortKey="Frank, Anke" sort="Frank, Anke" uniqKey="Frank A" first="Anke" last="Frank">Anke Frank</name><name sortKey="Johnson, Chris N" sort="Johnson, Chris N" uniqKey="Johnson C" first="Chris N." last="Johnson">Chris N. Johnson</name><name sortKey="Kutt, Alex" sort="Kutt, Alex" uniqKey="Kutt A" first="Alex" last="Kutt">Alex Kutt</name><name sortKey="Lawes, Michael J" sort="Lawes, Michael J" uniqKey="Lawes M" first="Michael J." last="Lawes">Michael J. Lawes</name><name sortKey="Legge, Sarah" sort="Legge, Sarah" uniqKey="Legge S" first="Sarah" last="Legge">Sarah Legge</name><name sortKey="Legge, Sarah" sort="Legge, Sarah" uniqKey="Legge S" first="Sarah" last="Legge">Sarah Legge</name><name sortKey="Letnic, Mike" sort="Letnic, Mike" uniqKey="Letnic M" first="Mike" last="Letnic">Mike Letnic</name><name sortKey="Mccallum, Hamish" sort="Mccallum, Hamish" uniqKey="Mccallum H" first="Hamish" last="Mccallum">Hamish Mccallum</name><name sortKey="Thomas, Colette R" sort="Thomas, Colette R" uniqKey="Thomas C" first="Colette R." last="Thomas">Colette R. Thomas</name><name sortKey="Vanderwal, Jeremy" sort="Vanderwal, Jeremy" uniqKey="Vanderwal J" first="Jeremy" last="Vanderwal">Jeremy Vanderwal</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Hesse (Land)"><name sortKey="Fritz, Susanne A" sort="Fritz, Susanne A" uniqKey="Fritz S" first="Susanne A." last="Fritz">Susanne A. Fritz</name></region></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gordon, Iain J" sort="Gordon, Iain J" uniqKey="Gordon I" first="Iain J." last="Gordon">Iain J. Gordon</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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